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1 government
['gʌvənmənt] 1. 2.modificatore [decree, funds, official, policy] governativo; [intervention, plan] del governo; [ majority] di governo; [loan, expenditure] pubblico* * *1) (the people who rule a country or state: the British Government.) governo2) (the way in which a country or state is ruled: Democracy is one form of government.) governo3) (the act or process of governing.) amministrazione•- governor
- governorship* * *['gʌvənmənt] 1. 2.modificatore [decree, funds, official, policy] governativo; [intervention, plan] del governo; [ majority] di governo; [loan, expenditure] pubblico -
2 patronage
['pætrənɪdʒ]1) (support) patronato m., patrocinio m., egida f.2) pol. (right to appoint) = facoltà di affidare incarichi, di conferire nominepolitical patronage — spreg. clientelismo politico
3) comm. clientela f.* * *['pætrəni‹, ]( American[) 'pei-]noun (the support given by a patron.) patrocinio* * *patronage /ˈpætrənɪdʒ/n. [u]2 (polit.) clientelismo; potere di conferire onori, assegnare cariche, dare impieghi: a widespread patronage system, un diffuso sistema clientelare● (fin.) patronage dividend, dividendo ( di una cooperativa) ai soci.* * *['pætrənɪdʒ]1) (support) patronato m., patrocinio m., egida f.2) pol. (right to appoint) = facoltà di affidare incarichi, di conferire nominepolitical patronage — spreg. clientelismo politico
3) comm. clientela f. -
3 reform
I [rɪ'fɔːm]nome riforma f.II 1. [rɪ'fɔːm]verbo transitivo riformare2.verbo intransitivo riformarsi* * *[rə'fo:m] 1. verb1) (to improve or remove faults from: The criminal's wife stated that she had made great efforts to reform her husband.) migliorare, correggere2) (to give up bad habits, improve one's behaviour etc: He admitted that he had been a criminal, but said that he intended to reform.) correggersi, migliorare2. noun1) (the act of improving: the reform of our political system.) riforma2) (an improvement: He intends to make several reforms in the prison system.) riforma; miglioramento•- reformed
- reformer* * *I [rɪ'fɔːm]nome riforma f.II 1. [rɪ'fɔːm]verbo transitivo riformare2.verbo intransitivo riformarsi -
4 demand
I [dɪ'mɑːnd] [AE dɪ'mænd]1) (request) domanda f., richiesta f.2) (pressure) esigenza f., pretesa f.3) econ. domanda f. ( for di)4) (favour)II [dɪ'mɑːnd] [AE dɪ'mænd]1) (request) chiedere [reform, release]; (forcefully) esigere, pretendere [attention, ransom]2) (require) richiedere [patience, skill, time] (of sb. da parte di qcn.); (more imperatively) esigere [punctuality, qualities]* * *1. verb1) (to ask or ask for firmly and sharply: I demanded an explanation.) esigere2) (to require or need: This demands careful thought.) richiedere2. noun1) (a request made so that it sounds like a command: They refused to meet the workers' demands for more money.) richiesta2) (an urgent claim: The children make demands on my time.) esigenza3) (willingness or desire to buy or obtain (certain goods etc); a need for (certain goods etc): There's no demand for books of this kind.) richiesta•- on demand* * *demand /dɪˈmɑ:nd/n.1 richiesta: to meet (o to satisfy) sb. 's demands, accogliere le richieste di q.; They refused to satisfy our demands, hanno rifiutato di accogliere le nostre richieste; There is a great demand for computer programmers, c'è una grande richiesta di programmatori; The board rejected demands that they should limit executive pay, il consiglio ha respinto le richieste di limitare gli stipendi dei dirigenti2 (pl.) esigenze; pretese: Her family makes huge demands on her time, la sua famiglia esige moltissimo del suo tempo; to balance the demands of work and study, conciliare le esigenze del lavoro e dello studio3 [u] (econ.) domanda: Demand for consumer goods exceeds supply, la domanda di beni di consumo supera l'offerta; the demand curve, la curva della domanda; aggregate demand, domanda aggregata; peak demand, domanda di punta5 rivendicazione ( sindacale): The union has presented a series of demands on pay and conditions, il sindacato ha presentato una serie di rivendicazioni relative a salari e condizioni● (fin.) demand bill (o draft), tratta a vista □ ( banca) demand deposit, deposito libero (o a vista); ( USA) deposito in conto corrente □ (fin.) demand for liquidity, domanda di liquidità □ (econ.) demand (o demand-pull) inflation, inflazione da (eccesso di) domanda □ demand-led, determinato dalla domanda: demand-led growth, crescita determinata dalla domanda; a demand-led education system, un sistema di istruzione conforme alla domanda □ (econ., org. az.) demand management, gestione della domanda □ (org. az.) demand matching, adeguamento della produzione alle variazioni della domanda □ (comput.) demand paging, paginazione su richiesta ( allocazione dinamica nella memoria centrale) □ (comput.) demand processing, elaborazione immediata ( sulla base delle richieste) □ (fin.) demand rate, corso (o tasso) a vista □ (econ.) the demand trend, l'andamento della domanda □ to be in demand, essere richiesto, ricercato: He is much in demand as an entertainer, è molto richiesto come intrattenitore □ by popular demand, a grande richiesta: By popular demand, the show is being extended for two weeks, a grande richiesta, lo spettacolo è stato prorogato di due settimane □ (comm.) on demand, a richiesta; a vista: A cheque is payable on demand, l'assegno bancario è pagabile a vista.♦ (to) demand /dɪˈmɑ:nd/v. t.1 chiedere fermamente, insistere nel chiedere: «What do you mean?», she demanded, «Cosa intendi?», chiese; I demand to know what's going on, insisto nel voler essere informato di cosa sta succedendo; The terrorists are demanding the release of political prisoners, i terroristi chiedono la liberazione dei prigionieri politici; They demanded that the strike be called off, hanno insistito nel chiedere che lo sciopero fosse revocato2 esigere; pretendere: The seller demands immediate payment, il venditore esige il pagamento immediato; He demanded instant obedience, pretendeva obbedienza immediata; The situation demands immediate action, la situazione esige un'azione immediata; This job demands a great deal of skill, questo lavoro richiede molta abilità; He demands a lot of his students, esige molto dai suoi studenti; They demand complete loyalty from their staff, pretendono una lealtà assoluta dai loro dipendenti; We will provide further resources as the situation demands, forniremo ulteriori risorse qualora la situazione lo richieda.NOTA D'USO: - to demand o to ask?-* * *I [dɪ'mɑːnd] [AE dɪ'mænd]1) (request) domanda f., richiesta f.2) (pressure) esigenza f., pretesa f.3) econ. domanda f. ( for di)4) (favour)II [dɪ'mɑːnd] [AE dɪ'mænd]1) (request) chiedere [reform, release]; (forcefully) esigere, pretendere [attention, ransom]2) (require) richiedere [patience, skill, time] (of sb. da parte di qcn.); (more imperatively) esigere [punctuality, qualities] -
5 expert
['ekspɜːt] 1.aggettivo [ person] esperto, abile; [ knowledge] specialistico; [opinion, advice] di un esperto, di uno specialista2.an expert eye — un occhio esperto o clinico
nome esperto m. (-a), specialista m. e f. (in in, di)* * *['ekspə:t] 1. adjective((with at or on) skilled through training or practice: an expert car designer; I'm expert at map-reading; Get expert advice on plumbing.) esperto2. noun(a person who is an expert: an expert in political history / on ancient pottery.) esperto- expertly- expertness* * *expert /ˈɛkspɜ:t/A a.1 esperto; competente; provetto; versato; abile: an expert pilot, un pilota esperto; to be expert at st., essere esperto in qc. (o a fare qc.)2 di un esperto: an expert opinion, il parere d'un esperto; to seek expert advice, chiedere il parere di un esperto; rivolgersi a un espertoB n.esperto; specialista; perito: a financial expert, un esperto di finanza; chemical expert, perito chimico; an expert in code-breaking, un esperto di decrittazione; He's an expert at equivocating, è un esperto della tergiversazione; è bravissimo a tergiversare● (leg.) expert evidence, testimonianza di un consulente tecnico □ (leg.) expert's report, perizia tecnica □ (comput.) expert system, sistema esperto □ expert eye, occhio esperto; occhio clinico □ (leg.) expert witness, consulente tecnico; perito □ in an expert capacity, in qualità d'espertoexpertlyavv.abilmente; con grande periziaexpertnessn. [u]abilità; competenza; perizia.* * *['ekspɜːt] 1.aggettivo [ person] esperto, abile; [ knowledge] specialistico; [opinion, advice] di un esperto, di uno specialista2.an expert eye — un occhio esperto o clinico
nome esperto m. (-a), specialista m. e f. (in in, di) -
6 reformer
[rɪ'fɔːmə(r)]nome riformatore m. (-trice)* * *noun (a person who wishes to bring about improvements: one of the reformers of our political system.) riformatore, riformatrice* * *reformer /rɪˈfɔ:mə(r)/n.1 riformatore, riformatrice2 (stor., relig.) uno dei capi della Riforma.* * *[rɪ'fɔːmə(r)]nome riformatore m. (-trice) -
7 totter
['tɒtə(r)]verbo intransitivo [ person] traballare, vacillare; (drunkenly) barcollare; [pile of books, building] vacillare, oscillare; fig. [regime, government] vacillare* * *['totə](to move unsteadily as if about to fall: The building tottered and collapsed; He tottered down the road.) vacillare, traballare* * *totter /ˈtɒtə(r)/n. [uc]barcollamento; traballamento; barcollio; vacillamento.(to) totter /ˈtɒtə(r)/v. i.barcollare; tentennare; traballare; vacillare; essere malfermo (o malsicuro, traballante): The baby tottered across the room, il bimbo ha attraversato la stanza barcollando; Their political system totters, il loro sistema politico vacilla● to totter away [in, out], andarsene [entrare, uscire] barcollando □ to totter to one's feet, rialzarsi vacillando.* * *['tɒtə(r)]verbo intransitivo [ person] traballare, vacillare; (drunkenly) barcollare; [pile of books, building] vacillare, oscillare; fig. [regime, government] vacillare -
8 utopia
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